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Glacier of Chandra Valley(Lahaul Spiti)

Glaciers

1) Bara Sigdi-Biggest glacier of Himachal Pradesh, it is situated in Lahaul Spiti. Chandra river gets water from this glacier & This glacier made Chandratal lake.

2) Gyephang Glacier-It was named after God Gyephang of Lahaul. Gefhang  mountain peak is also known as Manimahesh of Lahaul. Its shape is like Meter Horn of Switzerland.

3) Chandra Glacier-This glacier is the source of origin of Chandra River & Chandratal lake. It can be reached via road in Koksar. This glacier is formed after seprating from Bara Sigdi.

4) Kulti Glacier-This glacier situated near Koksar is visible from Across Rohtang.

Glacier of Bhaga Valley(Lahaul Spiti)

1) Bhaga Glacier-It provides water to Bhaga river. Located in Bhaga valley of Lahaul, this glacier can be reach road via Koksar & Tandi.

2) Lady of Keylong Glacier-Situated at the height of 6061meter, this glacier can be seen from Keylong. It was named 100years ago by English woman Lady L Shelde. When tha glacier melts, its shape look like a woman.

3) Mukkila Glacier-This  glacier is situated in Bhaga valley at an altitude of 6478meter, which supplies water to the Bhaga river.Apart from this Milang & Gangstang Bhaga valley is the main glacier.

Glacier of Pattan Valley(Lahaul)

1) Sonapani Glacier- In 1906 Balkar and Pascoe Survey for the first time at 1957,Currin and Munsey of Indian Geological survey of India Sarvekasan for second time. This is near Kulti drain.

2) Perade Glacier- It can be reached from Putiruni. There is a beautiful cave. Perade in local language means Broken Rock.

3) Miyar Glacier-This glacier is situated in Lahaul valley supplies water to the Miyar Glacier. Apart from this , there are glaciers in Shilpa, Kukti, Neelkanth and Lengar Thoksa are major glaciers of Pattan Valley.

Glacier of Kullu District

1) Dudhon Glacier-Parbati river gets water from this 15km long glacier in Kullu district.

2) Parbati Glacier- Parbati river gets water from Parbati glacier. This is also 15km long.

3) Beas Kund Glacier-Beas river gets water from this glacier. This glacier is near Rohtang Pass.

Bhadal Glacier-This glacier is situated on the foothills of the Pirpanjal mountain ranges in Bara Bhaghal region of Kangra. Bhadal river gets water from this glacier.

ChandraNahan Glacier-This glacier is situated on the Chancel Peak of  the Rohru Shimla district which provides water to Pabbar river.

Gaara Glacier-This glacier is located in Kinnaur district provide water to Gaara Khadd.

lakes

Artificial Lakes

1) Govind Sagar Lake-This  is biggest artificial lake of Himachal Pradesh. This is built on Satluj river in Bilaspur district.This lake is 88 km long and the area of this lake is 169 km².226meter high Bhakra Dam was built on it in 1963.

2) Pong Lake-It is situated in Kangra District. This lake is built on the Beas river. This lake is 42 km long ,there is Pong Dam near this lake  and it built in 1960. This lake is known as Maharan Pratap Sagar Lake.

3) Pandoh Lake-This lake is built on Beas river in Mandi district. This lake is 14 km long & it is along National highway-21. Irrigation facility is provided to Balah valley of Sundernagar through satluj Beas link.

4) Chamera Lake-This lake has been constructed on the Ravi river on the Chamba Pathankot road in Chamba District.

chamba district

Natural Lake

1) Manimahesh Lake-It is located in Bharmour subdivision situated at an attitude of 4200 meter. Here small bath on Rakshabandhan and big bath on Radha Astami. Here Gori kund for women bath & Shivkund for men bath.

2) Gadasaru Lake-This lake altitude is 3505meter and 1 km long.

3) Khajiyaar Lake-This lake altitude is 1951meter and 0.5 km long. This lake known as Switzerland of Himachal Pradesh.

4) Lama Lake- This lake altitude is 3962meter.This is group of seven lakes.

5) Mahakali Lake-Thks lake altitude is 3657meter.This lake  is dedicated to goddess Kali.

Kangra District

1) Dal Lake-This lake altitude is 1775meter.11km away from Dharamshal, Bhagsunath temple is here.

2) Kareri Lake-This lake altitude is 3048meter.

3) Machiyaar Lake-This lake is situated on the path of Jogal khad of Nagrota Bangba. There is temple of Machinder Mahadev and Santoshi Maa  along with this lake.

Mandi District

1) Kumarwah Lake-This lake altitude is 3150meter.

2) Prashar Lake- This lake altitude is 2743meter.In this moon shaped circular island of swim  is visible. It is pagoda style temple of Rishi Prashar which built by Banshen.

3) Rewalsar Lake-Buddha people call this lake Padmachan. On the birthday of Buddha Bhikshu  held fair of chechusu. This lake is pilgrimage place of Hindu, Sikh & Buddha  religion.

4) Kamrunaag Lake- This lake  here situated in Chichyot Tehsil at an altitude of  3150meter.The temple of the shikari Devi  is situated at a height in the east of this lake.

5) KuntBhayog Lake-This lake is situated on the Naina Devithar at a distance  of 4 km from Rewalsar at an altitude of 1700meter.

6) Kalasar Lake-This is situated on the peaks of banks of Rewalsar lake at an altitude of 1755meter.

Kullu District

1) Mantalai Lake– This lake altitude is 4116meter.Parbati river gets water from this lake.

2) Dayori Lake- This lake is situated in Senj valley.

3) Hansa Lake– This lake is situated in Senj valley.

4) Bhrigu Lake– This was the Thyosthali of Bhrigu Rishi.

5) Shring Tyung Lake-This was the Thyosthali of Shring Rishi.

6) Desehar Lake– Situated at an altitude of 4200 meter, this lake is located 25 km away from Manali. Akbar’s daughter’s dark complexion was cured by bathing here.

7) Nainsar Lake-This is situated at an altitude of 4000meter between Bheem Dwar and Shri Khand Mahadev in outer siraj.

8) Saryolsar Lake– Situated at an altitude of 3100meter, it is situated in the south-east of Jalori Pass. The goddess of this lake is old naagin whose temple is in Ghiyaagi. A little bird named Aabhi cleans it water. It is located in Banjar sub-division.

9) Dehnaasar Lake-Situated at an altitude of 15000 feet, near this lake Lord Shiva had killed a witch using a Trident

Sarital is other lake

1) Chandratal Lake– Hieun Tsang named it Lohitya sarovar. This lake is situated in Spiti at an altitude of 4270meter. Chandra river is orginates from this lake. This lake is Ramsar site.

2) Surajtal Lake– Located at 4883meter, Bhaga river originates from this lake. This is situated near Baralacha Pass.

3) Deepaktal Lake– Located at an altitude of 3200meter mid in Darch and Baralacha, This lake consider.

Mountain Ranges

Name                                    District                        Height

1) Shilla                                Kinnaur                    7026m

2)Leo Parjil                         Kinnaur                     6791m

3) Shipki                               Kinnaur                    6608m

4) Kinner-Kailash              Kinnaur                   6500m

5) Manirang                        Lahaul-Spiti          6597m

6) Mulkila                             Lahaul-Spiti         6520m

7) Gefhang                           Lahaul-Spiti         6400m

8) Shigrila                             Lahaul-Spiti        6230m

9) Sikar Behu                     Lahaul-Spiti         6200m

10) Mukar Behu               Lahaul-Spiti         6070m

11) Gefhang Go                Lahaul-Spiti         6050m

12) Shaltu Da Paar          Lahaul-Spiti       5650m

13) LachaLangla              Lahaul-Spiti       5060m

14) Murangla                       Lahaul-Spiti       5060m

15) Shringla                          Lahaul-Spiti        4999m

16) Hargaaran                     Lahaul-Spiti       3850m

17) Dibibokri                           Kullu                   6400m

18) Indrasan                      Kullu(Manali)        6220m

19) Diyo Tibba                     Kullu                     6001m

20) Solang                            Kullu                      5975m

21) Meva Kandinu             Kullu                      5944m

22) Hanuman Tibba       kullu-Kangra        5860m

23) Pragla                                 Kullu                 5579m

24) Umashilla                         Kullu                 5294m

25) Shitithar                            Kullu                  5290m

26) Shri Khand                       Kullu                   5182m

27) Inderkilla                           Kullu                    4940m

28) Pin Parbati                         Kullu                  4800m

29) GhoratanTanu           Kullu-Kangra        4760m

30) Patalasu                          Kullu                       4470m

31) Shacha                             Kullu                         3540m

32) Pir Panjal                      Chamba                     5972m

33) Bada Khada          Chamba(Bharmour)   5860m

34) Kailash                     Chamba(Bharmour)   5660m

35) Tamsar                       Chamba                         5080m

36) Gori Devi Ka Tibba    Chamba                 4030m

37) Narsingh Tibba          Chamba                 3730m

38) Cholang                       Kangra                        3270

Valley

1) Kangra Valley-Known as Veer Bhoomi, it is spread out form Shahpur to palampur. Major town of valley is Dharmshala, Nurpur, Palampur, Kangra & Baijnath. This valley famous for Hang Gliding.

2) Vaspa Valley-The highest village of this valley is Chitkul. Main villages of this valley is Kamru & Sangla. Vaspa is tributary of Satluj. Vaspa valley is also known as Sangla valley.

3) Valah Valley-This valley is situated in The plain parts of Mandi district. This is most fertile valley of Himachal Pradesh. It is also called Sundernagar valley.

4) Chamba Valley-It is also known as Ravi valley. Ravi river flows through the Chamba valley. Mainly people of Gaddi tribe  live in this valley. Major town of valley Chamba, Bharmour, Dalhousie, Khajiyaar.

5) Kullu Valley-It is also known as Devkhati. Devdaar & Apple trees are found in this valley. Major town of this valley Kullu, Manali, Naggar, Banjaar & Aani. The Rupi valley is famous for silver mine.

6) Ponta Valley-It is known as Kiyara Doon Valley. Yamuna river separates Ponta valley from Dehradun valley. Giri & Bata is main rivers of this valley. Ponta Sahib, Majra, Dholakua are town fallins within this valley.

7) Lahaul Spiti-This valley is located at best region of Himachal Pradesh. Alpine trees are found in this valley. Potato is mainly cultivated here. Chandra & Bhaga are main rivers of this valley. It is also known as Rangoli valley.

8) Pabbar Valley-It is also known as Rohru valley. Pabbar is main river of this valley , whose orgin is Chansal Pass.

9) Satluj Valley-This valley is extends from Shipki in Kinnaur to Bilaspur. Major town are Rampur & Bilaspur.

10) Sarsa Valley- This valley is situated in Solan is also known as Industrial valley. Major town are Dagshai, Kasoli, Sanavar, Haripur & RamShehar. Main industrial cities are Parmaanu, Baddi, Brotiwala & Nalagarh.

11) Chontra Valley-This valley is situated in Jogindernagar of Mandi district.

12) Jasva Valley- This is situated in Doon valley -Una and known as Swaa Valley.

13) Asvani Valley-On the right side of this valley is Kayothali & left side of this valley is Baghati language is spoken. Major town are Shimla, Chayal, Kandakhat, Solan & Dharampur.

14) Saprun Valley- This is situated in Solan district.

15) Danbi Valley-Situated between tha hills of Thar Bahadurpur & Thar Bandla in Bilaspur district.

16) Kunihaar valley-Loacted in Solan district, this valley starts from Kuni khad and extends till Takurdiya.

17) Gambhar Valley-It divides Solan district into two parts. Situated on banks of Gambhar river, this valley enters Solan district from a place called Shadi.

18) Imla Valley-Vimla valley is situated near Sikharithar from Parlog between Imla-Vimla valley. karsog is situated in this valley.

19) Churah Valley-Baira & Soul river form this valley in Chamba district. Tissa & Saluni is situated in this valley.

20) Gaara Valley-It is known as Chandra Valley. Or is situated on Lahaul.

21) Chohar Valley-Chohar valley has been formed by Uhl river in the  North-East in Mandi district.

Dams

1) Chamba –Chamera, Holi, Raoli, Baira Siul,Hibra, Sakti & Kilaad ara Dams in Chamba District.

2) Kinnaur-Sanjay, Sheng, Jangi, Haava, Baspa, Tapan, Nathpa & Chakdk are Dams in Kinnaur District.

3) Shimla-Andhra, Nagoli,Sawra-Kuddu,Dhambadi & Shunda are Dams in Shimla District.

4) Kullu-Parbati, Malana,Uhl & Larji are Dams in Kullu District.

5) Kangra-Gajj, Neugal, Baner, Binva & Pong are Dams in Kangra District.

6) Mandi-Bassi ,Largi,Pandoh &Sanan are Dams in Mandi District.

7) Bilaspur-Kol & Bhakra are Dams in Bilaspur District.

8) Lahaul Spiti-Thorot, Spiti & Rog are Dams in Lahaul Spiti District.

9) Kinnaur-Karcham Dam & Nathpa Jhakri are Dams in Kinnaur District.

AREA OF HIMACAHL

Area of Himachal Pradesh  in 1954 is 27,018km².Area increased to 28,241 when Bilaspur merged in HP.

The total geographical area of the state is 55,673km².

The largest area of HP is Lahaul Spiti & the smallest area of HP is Hamirpur.

Overview

Himachal Pradesh, located in the northern part of India, is a state renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, majestic mountains, and rich cultural heritage. Its geographical history has played a significant role in shaping its current landscape and socio-economic fabric

Himachal Pradesh is situated in the western Himalayas, bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir to the north, Punjab to the west and southwest, Haryana to the south-west, Uttarakhand to the southeast, and Tibet Autonomous Region to the east.

The state’s topography is characterized by mountainous terrain with an average elevation ranging from 350 meters to 7000 meters above sea level. The Shivalik range lies in the southern part of the state, followed by the lesser Himalayas or the Dhauladhar range, and further north, the Greater Himalayas.

Himachal Pradesh is traversed by several major rivers originating from the Himalayas. The prominent ones include the Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, Chenab, and Yamuna. These rivers not only contribute to the state’s geographical diversity but also support agriculture and hydropower generation.

The region has a rich historical and cultural heritage dating back to ancient times. It has been inhabited by various indigenous tribes and has witnessed the influence of various dynasties and empires, including the Mauryas, Guptas, and Mughals. The Gorkhas also had a significant influence on the region’s history.Himachal Pradesh became a union territory in 1948 after the integration of princely states like Bilaspur, Mandi, Chamba, and others. It attained statehood on January 25, 1971, becoming the 18th state of the Indian Union.

National Parks

 Name                             District/Area                 Established

1) Bandli                          Mandi/41km²                       1962

2) Nargu                          Mandi/278km²                      1962

3) Shikari Devi              Mandi/72km²                       1962

4) Chayal                       Solan/109km²                21Mar.1976

5) DadlaGhat               Solan/6km²                           1962

6) MajaThal                 Solan/40km²                         1962

7) Shilli                          Solan/2km²                          1963

8) Chudthar               Sirmour/66km²                15Nov.1985

9) Renuka                     Sirmour/4km²                22July.1964

10) Drangatti             Shimla/167km²                   1962

11) Shimla Water Catchment     Shimla/10km²               29July.1958

12) Talra                        Shimla/40km²                   1962

13) Govind Sagar      Bilaspur/100km²         5Dec.1962

14) Naina Devi          Bilaspur/123km²        5Dec.1962

15) Gangul                   Chamba/109km²          1949

16) Kugti                       Chamba/379km²            1962

17) Sechu Tua Nala         Chamba/103km²            1962

18) Tundah                 Chamba/64km²                1962

19) Kalatop Khajiaar       Chamba/69km²             1July.1949

20) Kayash                Kullu/14km²                 26Feb.1954

21) KanaBar             Kullu/61km²                 26Feb.1954

22) Khokhan            Kullu/14km²                   26Feb.1954

23) Manali                Kullu/32km²                  26Feb.1954

24) Ronj                     Kullu/90km²                   1994

25) Tirthan                Kullu/61km²                  17June.1976

26) Kibbar              Lahaul spiti/1400km²        1992

27) Dhauladhar          Kangra/944km²             1994

28) Pong Lake            Kangra/307km²          1June.1983

29) Rupi BhaBha        Kinnaur/503km²          28Mar.1982

30) Rakjham Chitkul          Kinnaur/304km²               1962

31) Lippa Asrang        Kinnaur/31km²                 1962

RIVERS

Total 6 rivers in our Himachal Pradesh.

1) Yamuna, ,2) Satluj, 3) Beas

4) Chenab 5) Ravi, 6) Swan

1). Yamuna- Vedic Name -Kalindi & Origin from Yamunotri (UK) and it’s length is 22km in HP

Enters at khadar majri in sirmour and leaves state near tajewala to enter in Haryana.

Settlements- Poanta Sahib

Mysterious relation with Sun

It forms easten boundary of Himachal Pradesh and Uttrakhand.

It is only one river which  enters in three states. Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Uttarakhand

Main Tributaries of Yamuna-1) Tons, 2) Giri, 3) Jalal, 4) Markanda, 5) Asni, 6) Bata, 7) Patsari, 8) Pabbar, 9) Andhra

2).Satluj-Vedic Name-Sutudri & Sanskrit Name-Shatadru and Origin from Rakshastal And it’s length is 320km in HP

Greek Name-Hesidros, Tibbet Name-Langqen Zangbo

Enters at Shipki in Kinnaur  and leaves in Bhakhra Punjab.

Settlements-Namgia, Kalpa, Rampur, Tattapani, Suni and Bilaspur.

Main Tributaries-1)Spiti, 2) Ropa,3) Taiti, 4) Kasang, 5) Mulgaon, 6) Yula, 7) Wanger, 8) Rupi, 9) Baspa, 9) Duling, 10) Soldang,11) Throng, 12) Tirung, 13) Gyathang, 14) Nogli Khad, 15) Swan River

3).Beas-Vedic Name-Arjikiya & Sanskrit Name-Vipasha And orgin from Rohtang Pass And it’s length is 256km in HP.

Old Rohtang Name-Bhrigu Tung

Enters  in Kangra at Sandhol & leaves in Mirthal  Punjab.

Settlements-Kullu, Mandi, Bajaura, Pandoh, Sujanpur Tihra, Nadaun and Dehra-Gopipur.

Main Tributaries-1) Malani, 2) Parbati,3) Phojal, 4) Manalsu, 5) Dehar, 6)Tirthan, 7) Hansa, 8) Son, 9) Sainj, 10) Solang, 11) Sarvari, 12) Sujoin,13) JiunJiun, 14) Harla, 15) Uhal

Tributaries b/w Dhauladhar-1) Awa, 2) Manuni, 3) Baner, 4) Banganga, 5) Suketi, 6) Gajkhadd, 7) Chakki, 8) Neugal, 9) Patlikulah, 10) Luni

4).Chenab-Vedic Name-Askni & Sankrit Name-Chandra Bhaga And orgin from Chandra and Bhaga And it’s length is 122km in HP.

Enters in  Pangi valley (Bhujind) & leaves in Sansari Nala To enter Podar valley Kashmir.

Settlements-Tandi

Main Tributaries-1) Chandra, 2) Bhaga

5). Ravi- Vedic Name-Parushani & Sanskrit Name- Irawati And orgin from Bara Bhangal (Kangra)  And it’s length is 158km in HP.

Greek Name – Hydraster

Enters in kangra & leaves in chamba Kheri to Jammu kashmir.

Settlements-Chamba & Bharmour

Main Tributaries- 1) Tundah, 2) Bhadal, 3) Chirchid Nala, 4) Budhil, 5) Saho, 6) Baira, 7)Tantgiri, 8) Siul

6). Swan- It Divided Una in 2 Parts

Main Tributaries

1)Malat, 2) Takewali, 3) Humm, 4) Bareda, 5) Garni, 6) Panoja, 7) Guwari

Length is 65 km in Hp

Swan River known as River of Sorrow

Bridges

* Satluj River

1) Kandror Bridge-Highest bridge of Asia & this bridge is on Bilaspur and Hamirpur (NH) -88.

2) Gambhar Bridge- This bridge is in Bilaspur.

3) Tatapaani Bridge-On the border of  Shimla & Mandi Districts.

4) Luhri Bridge-On the border of Shimla & Kullu.

5) Bangtu Bridge- This bridge is in Kinnaur.

6) Salahpad Bridge-On the border of Mandi & Bilaspur.

* Yamuna River

1) Yamuna Bridge-This bridge is in Poanta Sahib (Sirmour), this bridge is the longest bridge of HP.

2) Satoon Bridge- This bridge is on Giri river.

* Beas River

1) Pandoh Bridge- This bridge is in Mandi.

2) Nadaun Bridge-On the border of Hamirpur & Kangra.

3) Chakki Bridge-On the border of Punjab & Kangra.

* Ravi River

1) Rakh Bridge-This bridge is in Chamba.

Khadamukh bridge, Bagga bridge and Sheetla bridge are other bridge on Ravi river.